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On March 12, 1714, Peter I issued a decree establishing tsifirnye (arithmetic) schools for educating “young boys from various estates.” The emperor ordered the creation of arithmetic schools in all provinces, located at ...
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...episcopal residences and major monasteries, where students were taught arithmetic and basic geometry. The decree mandated compulsory education for boys aged 10 to 15 from noble, clerical, and administrative backgrounds. Later, children of clergy and merchants were also required to attend. Graduation was obligatory—those who didn’t complete their studies couldn’t marry, and clergy sons faced military service. By 1716, 12 such schools had opened, expanding to 30 before merging with garrison ...
